EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Enzymes are protein molecules that get denatured at high temperatures. High heat breaks hydrogen and ionic bonds leading to disruption in enzyme shape. The enzyme loses its activity and can no longer bind to the substrate.

Detailed explanation-2: -Heat can break hydrogen and ionic bonds, which disrupts the shape of the enzyme and will change the shape of the active site. Cold temperatures do not denature enzymes because cold does not cause chemical bonds to break. Enzymes are suited to function best within a certain temperature, pH, and salt concentration range.

Detailed explanation-3: -Factors affecting enzyme activity Temperature: Raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction. However, extreme high temperatures can cause an enzyme to lose its shape (denature) and stop working.

Detailed explanation-4: -Each enzyme works within quite a small pH range. There is a pH at which its activity is greatest (the optimal pH). This is because changes in pH can make and break intra-and intermolecular bonds, changing the shape of the enzyme and, therefore, its effectiveness.

Detailed explanation-5: -At high temperatures the shape of the enzyme is altered so that it is no longer complementary to its specific substrate. This effect can be permanent and irreversible and is called denaturation .