SCIENCE
CELL BIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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They both contain ribosomes and a plasma membrane.
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They both contain their own DNA and reproduce by binary fission.
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They both contain DNA found in modern bacteria and reproduce sexually.
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They both contain their own nuclei and plasma membranes.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not linear.
Detailed explanation-2: -Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms. At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion.
Detailed explanation-3: -Most important are the many striking similarities between prokaryotes (like bacteria) and mitochondria: Membranes-Mitochondria have their own cell membranes, just like a prokaryotic cell does. DNA-Each mitochondrion has its own circular DNA genome, like a bacteria’s genome, but much smaller.
Detailed explanation-4: -Mitochondria and chloroplasts have striking similarities to bacteria cells. They have their own DNA, which is separate from the DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. And both organelles use their DNA to produce many proteins and enzymes required for their function.
Detailed explanation-5: -Why are mitochondria and chloroplasts believed to have entered early eukaryotic cells by endosymbiosis of bacteria? They are the same size as bacteria. They contain DNA.