EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Glucose, fructose and galactose are the three monosaccharides important in nutrition. These single sugar molecules contain 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms (i.e. chemical formula as C6H12O6).

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucose and fructose are examples of monosaccharides, meaning they consist of a single sugar unit, while sucrose is an example of a disaccharide. However, sugar units can be bonded or linked together to form polysaccharides, which consist of many sugars linked together to form extensive chains of sugars.

Detailed explanation-3: -Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide. Galactose, mannose, fructose and ribose are also of major biological importance.

Detailed explanation-4: -Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose, galactose, xylose and ribose. Monosaccharides are the building blocks of disaccharides like sucrose (common sugar) and polysaccharides (such as cellulose and starch).

Detailed explanation-5: -Glucose. Glucose molecules can be broken down by glycolysis in the process of cellular respiration. Fructose. Fructose belongs to the ketose group. Galactose. Galactose is produced by mammals in the form of milk.