EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The unequal sharing of electrons between the atoms and the unsymmetrical shape of the molecule means that a water molecule has two poles-a positive charge on the hydrogen pole (side) and a negative charge on the oxygen pole (side).

Detailed explanation-2: -The area around the oxygen is somewhat negative compared to the opposite, hydrogen-containing end of the molecule, which is slightly positive. Opposites attract, so this lopsided charge difference allows bonds to form between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent H2O molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -The covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are polar covalent bonds. The shared electrons spend more time near the oxygen nucleus, giving it a small negative charge, than they spend near the hydrogen nuclei, giving these molecules a small positive charge.

Detailed explanation-4: -In a water molecule, the oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms share electrons in covalent bonds, but the sharing is not equal. In the covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen, the oxygen atom attracts electrons a bit more strongly than the hydrogen atoms.

Detailed explanation-5: -The bonding electrons in polar covalent bonds are not shared equally, and a bond moment results. However, a molecule may be polar or nonpolar depending on its geometry.