EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Soap is produced by a saponification or basic hydrolysis reaction of a fat or oil. Currently, sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize the fatty acid and convert it to the salt.

Detailed explanation-2: -Saponification is a process involving the hydrolysis of fats on its reaction with alkali, thereby leading to the formation of salts of fatty acids and glycerol. The salts of fatty acids are known as soap. The amount of potassium hydroxide required in the hydrolysis indicates the saponification value of fat.

Detailed explanation-3: -Soap is the product of a chemical reaction between white, alkaline crystals called lye (also known by the chemical name sodium hydroxide) with triglycerides (the chemical name for oils, waxes and fats). The scientific word which describes this chemical reaction is saponification.

Detailed explanation-4: -Saponification. Fats and oils can participate in a variety of chemical reactions-triglycerides can be hydrolyzed in the presence of an acid, a base, or specific enzymes known as lipases. The hydrolysis of fats and oils in the presence of a base is used to make soap and is called saponification.

Detailed explanation-5: -Saponification is a process that converts fats, oils, or lipids (the acid) into soap by combining them with Sodium Hydroxide (the base). The chemical reaction relies on friction and self-generated heat. Through saponification, the acid and the base are neutralized.