EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Because the electrical properties of a semiconductor material can be modified by doping and by the application of electrical fields or light, devices made from semiconductors can be used for amplification, switching, and energy conversion.

Detailed explanation-2: -Doping a semiconductor in a good crystal introduces allowed energy states within the band gap, but very close to the energy band that corresponds to the dopant type. In other words, electron donor impurities create states near the conduction band while electron acceptor impurities create states near the valence band.

Detailed explanation-3: -Semiconductors are an essential component of electronic devices, enabling advances in communications, computing, healthcare, military systems, transportation, clean energy, and countless other applications.

Detailed explanation-4: -The electrical and optical properties of semiconductors can be modified by doping with atoms. Impurities can either donate an electron to the conduction band, so called donors create n-doped materials, or accept an electron from the valence band, which are thereby dubbed acceptors.

Detailed explanation-5: -Extrinsic semiconductors are also called impurity semiconductors or doped semiconductors. The process of adding impurities deliberately is termed as doping and the atoms that are used as an impurity are termed as dopants.