EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The periodic short-term rise and fall in the sea level are known as Tide. Hence, Option 4 is correct. It is produced due to the gravitational interaction of the earth, sun, and moon. Since the moon is closer to the earth, it has a pronounced influence on the tides.

Detailed explanation-2: -Although the gravitational force exerted by the moon is the strongest influence on the tides-followed by the gravitational force of the sun-other factors also influence tides. One of these factors is the angle of the moon’s orbit with respect to the earth-sun orbital plane.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tides are the periodic rise and fall of surface water caused by the gravitational force of the moon and the sun and by the rotation of the earth. The movements of the solar system that influence the tides are predictable; therefore changes in tide height and time are predictable.

Detailed explanation-4: -Therefore, the sun’s tide-generating force is about half that of the moon, and the moon is the dominant force affecting the Earth’s tides.

Detailed explanation-5: -They are caused by the gravitational forces exerted on the earth by the moon, and to a lesser extent, the sun. When the highest point in the wave, or the crest, reaches a coast, the coast experiences a high tide. When the lowest point, or the trough, reaches a coast, the coast experiences a low tide.