EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is (a). Locations on the coast are moderated by the water, which means that they experience milder (warmer) winters and cooler summers than farther inland.

Detailed explanation-2: -Water heats and cools more slowly than landmasses. Therefore, the coastal regions will stay cooler in summer and warmer in winter, thus creating a more moderate climate with a narrower temperature range.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water has a higher heat capacity than soil and rock, so the ocean takes much longer to heat and to cool than the land. Coastal areas will generally have more moderate temperatures than inland areas because of the heat capacity of the ocean.

Detailed explanation-4: -As you move away from the equator towards the poles, the earth’s surface becomes more angled to the incoming sunlight due to the spherical shape of the earth. Because of this, the intensity of sunlight received decreases as we move from the equator to poles. Hence, temperature decreases as latitude increases.

Detailed explanation-5: -Inland areas usually have greater temperature extremes from day to night and from season to season because land absorbs and loses heat energy more quickly than water. Locations near the ocean or other large bodies of water usually have more moderate daily and seasonal temperatures.