EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -When the soil is saturated and the depression storage filled, and rain continues to fall, the rainfall will immediately produce surface runoff. The level of antecedent soil moisture is one factor affecting the time until soil becomes saturated.

Detailed explanation-2: -If precipitation is greater than infiltration capacity, surface runoff occurs. If precipitation is less than the infiltration capacity, all moisture is absorbed. When a soil has been saturated by water then allowed to drain by gravity, the soil is said to be holding its field capacity of water.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sandy soil will generally produce the least surface runoff. Soil texture information can assist with anticipating potential water storage and runoff. Keep in mind, of course, that it is still important to consider specifics of the situation such as soil moisture content and the rate of rainfall or snowmelt.

Detailed explanation-4: -Farms are a huge nonpoint source of runoff, as rainwater and irrigation drain fertilizers and pesticides into bodies of water. Impervious surfaces, or surfaces that can’t absorb water, increase runoff. Roads, sidewalks, and parking lots are impervious surfaces.

Detailed explanation-5: -What surface would allow the most runoff and least infiltration of rain water? Cement.