EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -R (bedrock): A mass of rock such as granite, basalt, quartzite, limestone or sandstone that forms the parent material for some soils – if the bedrock is close enough to the surface to weather. This is not soil and is located under the C horizon.

Detailed explanation-2: -The R horizon, also called bedrock, is the lowest layer. In some places, the R horizon might be 60 feet below the topsoil. In other places, it could be as little as 6 feet below or less. The R horizon is characterized by tightly bound, unbreakable materials, unlike the looser layers above it.

Detailed explanation-3: -This is sometimes called subsoil. The C Horizon consists of weathering rock. The D horizon is bedrock.

Detailed explanation-4: -R horizons denote the layer of partially weathered or unweathered bedrock at the base of the soil profile. Unlike the above layers, R horizons largely comprise continuous masses (as opposed to boulders) of hard rock that cannot be excavated by hand.