EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -On average, only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass in one trophic level-e.g., primary producers-gets stored as biomass in the next trophic level-e.g., primary consumers. Put another way, net productivity usually drops by a factor of ten from one trophic level to the next.

Detailed explanation-2: -Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level.

Detailed explanation-3: -On average, only about 10 percent of energy stored as biomass in a trophic level is passed from one level to the next. This is known as “the 10 percent rule” and it limits the number of trophic levels an ecosystem can support. living organisms, and the energy contained within them.

Detailed explanation-4: -The ten percent rule states that each trophic level can only give 10% of its energy to the next level. The other 90% is used to live, grow, reproduce and is lost to the environment as heat. All energy pyramids start with energy from the Sun which is transferred to the first trophic level of producers.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lindemann gave the ten percent law in 1942. This law states that only 10 percent of energy in a food chain out of the total energy is transferred from one trophic level to another. The rest of the energy is utilized for other metabolic processes and some are released as heat.