EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Most autotrophs use a process called photosynthesis to make their food. In photosynthesis, autotrophs use energy from the sun to convert water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air into a nutrient called glucose. Glucose is a type of sugar. The glucose gives plants energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -An autotroph is an organism that produces complex organic compounds (such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) using carbon from simple substances such as carbon dioxide, generally using energy from light (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemical reactions (chemosynthesis).

Detailed explanation-3: -Chemosynthetic autotrophs are creatures that can synthesise their energy by the oxidation of inorganic chemicals such as sulphur nitrates, nitrites, and other similar compounds. The energy released through synthesis, during the oxidation step, is used to synthesise ATP molecules once more.

Detailed explanation-4: -Specialized bacteria function as primary producers via chemosynthesis and form the base of a food chain (or web) that supports large crabs, mussels, clams (some more than 25 cm long), sea anemones, shrimp, and exceptionally large tubeworms.

Detailed explanation-5: -The main difference between them is the way they obtain their food. The photosynthetic bacteria require sunlight energy to prepare food. Example – Cyanobacteria. Whereas, chemosynthetic bacteria use energy obtained from the oxidation of inorganic compounds.