EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -As water soaks down through permeable rock and soil, it eventually reaches layers of material that it cannot pass through. These materials have few or no spaces or cracks. Clay and granite are impermeable, meaning that water cannot pass through.

Detailed explanation-2: -Highly impermeable layers such as compacted clay or shale are known as an aquifuge. An aquifuge is unable to both store water or let water pass through. It is often found at the very bottom of an aquifer that does not permit water to go any lower.

Detailed explanation-3: -Impermeable and/or non-porous materials include clay, shale, non-fractured igneous and metamorphic rocks. Porous/permeable layers are called aquifers; impermeable layers called aquicludes.

Detailed explanation-4: -A permeable material has a greater number of larger, well-connected pores spaces, whereas an impermeable material has fewer, smaller pores that are poorly connected.

Detailed explanation-5: -The rocks which have connected pores and allow water to pass between them. This type of rocks are called permeable rocks or pervious rocks. The compact rocks which do not have the pores, these rocks do not allow water to enter or pass through them. Hence, they are referred to as impermeable rocks or impervious rocks.