EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -When precipitation reaches the earth’s surface, some of it will flow along the surface of the land and enter surface water like lakes, streams, and rivers, as runoff. The rest of it soaks or percolates into the soil, called recharge.

Detailed explanation-2: -Infiltration. Infiltration happens when water soaks into the soil from the ground level. It moves underground and moves between the soil and rocks. Some of the water will be soaked up by roots to help plants grow.

Detailed explanation-3: -Runoff-water that doesn’t soak into the ground or evaporate but instead flows across the Earth’s surface. This happens after a lot of rain and the ground cannot absorb any more water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Evapotranspiration includes water evaporation into the atmosphere from the soil surface, evaporation from the capillary fringe of the groundwater table, and evaporation from water bodies on land. Evapotranspiration also includes transpiration, which is the water movement from the soil to the atmosphere via plants.

Detailed explanation-5: -Groundwater discharge is the term used to describe the movement of groundwater from the subsurface to the surface. There is natural discharge which occurs into lakes, streams and springs as well as human discharge, which is generally referred to as pumping.