EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Over 80 per cent of large earthquakes occur around the edges of the Pacific Ocean, an area known as the ‘Ring of Fire’; this where the Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the surrounding plates. The Ring of Fire is the most seismically and volcanically active zone in the world.

Detailed explanation-2: -A hydrosphere is the total amount of water on a planet. The hydrosphere includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most gas molecules in the atmosphere are pulled close to Earth’s surface by gravity, so gas particles are denser near the surface. With more gas particles in a given volume, there are more collisions of particles and therefore greater pressure.

Detailed explanation-4: -On Earth, volcanism occurs in several distinct geologic settings. Most of these are associated with the boundaries of the enormous rigid plates that make up the lithosphere-the crust and upper mantle.

Detailed explanation-5: -The biosphere is the thin life-supporting stratum of Earth’s surface, extending from a few kilometres into the atmosphere to the deep-sea vents of the ocean. It is composed of living organisms and nonliving factors from which the organisms derive energy and nutrients.