EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Human skin colour is a polygenic trait governed by three pairs of genes (Aa, Bb and Cc) where dominant allele of each gene express only a part of trait and the full trait is expressed only in presence of dominant alleles of all multiple genes, is called polygenic inheritance.

Detailed explanation-2: -Melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes in the skin and is the primary determinant of skin color in people with darker skin. Indeed, >150 genes have now been identified as having a direct or indirect effect on skin color.

Detailed explanation-3: -The MC1R gene provides instructions for making a protein called the melanocortin 1 receptor. This receptor plays an important role in normal pigmentation. The receptor is primarily located on the surface of melanocytes, which are specialized cells that produce a pigment called melanin.

Detailed explanation-4: -Skin color varies considerably from individual to individual and is generally determined by the presence of melanocytes, carotene, oxygenated hemoglobin, and local blood flow.