EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Beside fertilization, an artificial method named somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), or cloning, can also confer totipotency. Dr. John Gurdon was the first to demonstrate that animals could be cloned from differentiated frog somatic cells by SCNT (Gurdon, 1962) (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-2: -The birth and adult development of ‘Dolly’ the sheep, the first mammal produced by the transfer of a terminally differentiated cell nucleus into an egg, provided unequivocal evidence of nuclear equivalence among somatic cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Roslin Institute performed this step in 1997. The result of the experiment was Dolly the sheep. Dolly was the first mammal cloned from a fully differentiated adult cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Dolly sheep was born on July 5, 1996, through the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer. It includes the transfer of cell nucleus from an adult cell into an unfertilized, enucleated oocyte (developing egg cell).