EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -A myelin sheath is a sleeve (sheath) that’s wrapped around each nerve cell (neurons). It’s a protective layer of fat (lipids) and protein that coats the main “body” section of a neuron called the axon.

Detailed explanation-2: -The myelin sheath is a greatly extended and modified plasma membrane wrapped around the nerve axon in a spiral fashion [1]. The myelin membranes originate from and are a part of the Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the oligodendroglial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) (see Chap. 1).

Detailed explanation-3: -The axons have a protective covering called myelin. Without myelin, the brain and spinal cord can’t communicate with each other or with the nerves in the rest of the body.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most of the axons in the central nervous system are wrapped in myelin, a substance rich in lipids (fatty substances) and proteins. Like the coating around an electrical wire, myelin insulates and protects the axon and helps speed nerve transmission.

Detailed explanation-5: -Myelination allows more rapid transmission of neural information along neural fibers and is particularly critical in a cerebral nervous system dependent on several long axon connections between hemispheres, lobes, and cortical and subcortical structures.