EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -An atom changes from a ground state to an excited state by taking on energy from its surroundings in a process called absorption. The electron absorbs the energy and jumps to a higher energy level. In the reverse process, emission, the electron returns to the ground state by releasing the extra energy it absorbed.

Detailed explanation-2: -When an electron temporarily occupies an energy state greater than its ground state, it is in an excited state. An electron can become excited if it is given extra energy, such as if it absorbs a photon, or packet of light, or collides with a nearby atom or particle.

Detailed explanation-3: -According to Bohr’s model of the atom, when an electron in the ground state absorbs energy from the incident photons of light, the electrons get excited and jump to the higher energy level.

Detailed explanation-4: -Yes, an atom in any state can generally absorb a photon.

Detailed explanation-5: -Photon absorption by an atomic electron occurs in the photoelectric effect process, in which the photon loses its entire energy to an atomic electron which is in turn liberated from the atom. This process requires the incident photon to have an energy greater than the binding energy of an orbital electron.