EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In conifers, the needle-like leaves reduce the surface area. Their thick cuticle and sunken stomata also help to reduce water loss. So the correct option is ‘Presence of thick cuticle and sunken stomata’.

Detailed explanation-2: -Step 1: Choose which conifer statement is correct. Statement I is correct for conifers. Needle-like leaves reduce the surface area of the plant, which helps to reduce water loss. Thick cuticles on the leaves also help to reduce water loss.

Detailed explanation-3: -To solve this problem, conifer needles are designed to reduce water loss. The needles are coated with a waxy layer to reduce water loss and the pores through which they obtain carbon dioxide for photosynthesis (stomata) are recessed in chambers to protect them from the wind.

Detailed explanation-4: -The leaves of gymnosperms are well adapted to withstand extreme humidity and temperature conditions. For example, in conifers the shape of the leaves is needle type and hence the surface area is reduced, also the sunken stomata and thick cuticle prevent or reduce the loss of water.