EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -On the upper and lower parts of the leaf, there are small pores or openings known as stomata. Stomata are surrounded by the guard cells. These guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomata. Stomata help the leaf in the exchange of gases. Stomata regulate the movement of water through transpiration.

Detailed explanation-2: -This evolutionary innovation is so central to plant identity that nearly all land plants use the same pores-called stomata-to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Stomata are tiny, microscopic and critical for photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lower surfaces are not directly exposed to sun. This tends to reduce excessive water loss. It is a beneficial adaptation to check water loss in plants. Thus, the underside of leaves have more stomata.