EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Fermentation is the chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically (non-oxygen-requiring pathway). An electron transport system is not involved in fermentation, and no ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is created directly by the fermentation process.

Detailed explanation-2: -Fermentation is the process of producing ATP in the absence of oxygen, through glycolysis alone. Recall that glycolysis breaks a glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, producing a net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fermentation is less efficient at using the energy from glucose: only 2 ATP are produced per glucose, compared to the 38 ATP per glucose nominally produced by aerobic respiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Thus a total of 2 ATPs are generated from the fermentation of a glucose molecule.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fermentation of one molecule of glucose produces two molecules of ATP, two molecules of the alcohol called ethanol, two molecules of CO2, and two molecules of water. The most common microorganism used in industries for alcoholic fermentation is the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.