EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The first stage of cellular respiration, called glycolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm. In this step, enzymes split a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, which releases energy that is transferred to ATP.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism. Glycolysis consists of an energy-requiring phase followed by an energy-releasing phase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Step 1: Glucose is phosphorylated by the enzyme hexokinase to form glucose 6-phosphate. Glucose gains energy by being phosphorylated at the expense of one ATP. Step 2: Glucose 6-phosphate is converted into its isomer, fructose 6-phosphate, by an isomerase enzyme.

Detailed explanation-4: -The sixth step in glycolysis oxidizes the sugar (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate), extracting high-energy electrons, which are picked up by the electron carrier NAD+, producing NADH.

Detailed explanation-5: -Phase 1: The “Priming Step" The first phase of Glycolysis requires an input of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). alpha-D-Glucose is phosphorolated at the 6 carbon by ATP via the enzyme Hexokinase (Class: Transferase) to yield alpha-D-Glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P).