EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Anaerobic respiration happens in muscles during hard exercise. Glucose is not completely broken down, so less energy is released than during aerobic respiration. There is a build-up of lactic acid in the muscles during vigorous exercise. The lactic acid needs to be oxidised to carbon dioxide and water later.

Detailed explanation-2: -Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen, and produces lactic acid as a byproduct, which lowers cellular pH and decreases muscle contraction. Since our muscle enzymes are no longer working at the optimal pH, their efficiency decreases.

Detailed explanation-3: -Anaerobic respiration transfers less energy than aerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic respiration, as not all of the glucose can be broken down. This means less energy can be transferred.

Detailed explanation-4: -Inadequate oxygen drives muscles towards anaerobic respiration. Partial breakdown of glucose leads to lower energy production.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lactate formed during anaerobic glycolysis enters the gluconeogenic pathway after oxidation to pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase. After intense exercise, the lactate produced diffuses from the muscle into the blood and is taken up by the liver to be converted into glucose and glycogen.