EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Fermentation is another anaerobic (non-oxygen-requiring) pathway for breaking down glucose, one that’s performed by many types of organisms and cells. In fermentation, the only energy extraction pathway is glycolysis, with one or two extra reactions tacked on at the end.

Detailed explanation-2: -Fermentation does not require oxygen and is therefore anaerobic. Fermentation will replenish NAD+ from the NADH + H+ produced in glycolysis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fermentation is an anaerobic process that breaks down the glucose within organic materials. It is a series of chemical reactions that convert sugars to alcohol or acid. Yeast or bacteria are added to the biomass material, which feed on the sugars to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fermentation of one molecule of glucose produces two molecules of ATP, two molecules of the alcohol called ethanol, two molecules of CO2, and two molecules of water. The most common microorganism used in industries for alcoholic fermentation is the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fermentation is making ATP without oxygen, which involves glycolysis only. Fermentation recycles NAD+, and produces 2 ATPs. In lactic acid fermentation, pyruvic acid from glycolysis changes to lactic acid. This type of fermentation is carried out by the bacteria in yogurt, and by your own muscle cells.