EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

Detailed explanation-2: -A phylogenetic tree, also known as a phylogeny, is a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-3: -A cladogram is a diagram used to represent a hypothetical relationship between groups of animals, called a phylogeny. A cladogram is used by a scientist studying phylogenetic systematics to visualize the groups of organisms being compared, how they are related, and their most common ancestors.

Detailed explanation-4: -A phylogenetic tree or evolutionary tree is a diagrammatic representation of the evolutionary relationships among various taxa (Figure 9.1 A–D). It is a branching diagram composed of nodes and branches. The branching pattern of a tree is called the topology of the tree.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cladograms are diagrams which depict the relationships between different groups of taxa called “clades”. By depicting these relationships, cladograms reconstruct the evolutionary history (phylogeny) of the taxa. Cladograms can also be called “phylogenies” or “trees”.