EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In conjugation, DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another. After the donor cell pulls itself close to the recipient using a structure called a pilus, DNA is transferred between cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Conjugation is the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. During conjugation, one bacterium serves as the donor of the genetic material, and the other serves as the recipient. The donor bacterium carries a DNA sequence called the fertility factor, or F-factor.

Detailed explanation-3: -We conclude that F pili play at least three roles in mating: (i) they initiate contacts between mating pairs; (ii) they facilitate the transfer of genetic material; and (iii) they draw mating cells into a close contact which increases the fertility of the union.

Detailed explanation-4: -Genetic exchanges among bacteria occur by several mechanisms. In transformation, the recipient bacterium takes up extracellular donor DNA. In transduction, donor DNA packaged in a bacteriophage infects the recipient bacterium. In conjugation, the donor bacterium transfers DNA to the recipient by mating.