EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Conjugation is the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. During conjugation, one bacterium serves as the donor of the genetic material, and the other serves as the recipient. The donor bacterium carries a DNA sequence called the fertility factor, or F-factor.

Detailed explanation-2: -Transfer of genetic material occurs during the process of bacterial conjugation. During this process, DNA plasmid is transferred from one bacterium (the donor) of a mating pair into another (the recipient) via a pilus.

Detailed explanation-3: -In conjugation, one bacterium grows a duct, called a pilus, which attaches to the other bacterium. A genetic element known as a plasmid is then passed through the pilus from the donor cell to the recipient. In another case, viruses play a role in genetic exchange between bacteria.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bacterial conjugation, also referred to as bacterial sex, is a major horizontal gene transfer mechanism through which DNA is transferred from a donor to a recipient bacterium by direct contact.

Detailed explanation-5: -Bacterial conjugation normally involves the unidirectional transfer of DNA from donor to recipient. Occasionally, conjugation results in the transfer of DNA from recipient to donor, a phenomenon known as retrotransfer.