EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Salmonella can cause salmonellosis and typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever. Botulism is most often caused by Clostridium botulinum. Some other germs that cause foodborne illness include Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, hepatitis A virus, Shigella, and Yersinia.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mode of transmission of food or water-borne illness Transmission is predominantly via the faecal–oral route or ingestion of contaminated food and water and fomites. Airborne transmission – via fomites – has been implicated in outbreaks involving viral pathogens.

Detailed explanation-3: -Food and water borne illness, often referred to as food poisoning, is generally caused by eating or drinking food or beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites or viruses. These organisms are passed in the feces of animals and infected people.

Detailed explanation-4: -The pathogens of most interest to us are Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli, Listeria and Hepatitis A-all of which can be transmitted by food, water and/or dairy products.

Detailed explanation-5: -Any food item that is touched by a person who is ill with vomiting or diarrhea, or who has recently had such an illness, can become contaminated. When these food items are not subsequently cooked (e.g., salads, cut fruit) they can pass the illness to other people.