EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. Ribosomes use cellular accessory proteins, soluble transfer RNAs, and metabolic energy to accomplish the initiation, elongation, and termination of peptide synthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Like other organisms, bacteria need ribosomes in order to make proteins. Ribosomes are found mainly bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacterial ribosomes are composed of two subunits with densities of 50S and 30S, as opposed to 60S and 40S in eukaryotic cells. Ribosomes function as a workbench for protein synthesis whereby they receive and translate genetic instructions for the formation of specific proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -Membrane-bound ribosomes Bound ribosomes usually produce proteins that are used within the plasma membrane or are expelled from the cell via exocytosis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Protein synthesis Synthesis of new proteins starts in the nucleus, where ribosomes get their instruction to begin the process. Sections of DNA (genes), encoding a specific protein, are copied over to messenger RNA (mRNA) strands in a process called transcription.