EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Transduction is the process that describes virus-mediated insertion of DNA into the host cell. Viruses are a particularly effective form of gene delivery because the structure of the virus prevents degradation via lysosomes of the DNA it is delivering to the nucleus of the host cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Transduction is the process by which a virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another. Viruses called bacteriophages are able to infect bacterial cells and use them as hosts to make more viruses.

Detailed explanation-3: -Certain viruses are used as vectors because they can deliver the material by infecting the cell. The viruses are modified so they can’t cause disease when used in people. Some types of virus, such as retroviruses, integrate their genetic material (including the new gene) into a chromosome in the human cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gene therapy replaces a faulty gene or adds a new gene in an attempt to cure disease or improve your body’s ability to fight disease. Gene therapy holds promise for treating a wide range of diseases, such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, heart disease, diabetes, hemophilia and AIDS.

Detailed explanation-5: -The process of gene transfer can be summarised in four key steps: Isolation of gene and vector (by PCR) Digestion of gene and vector (by restriction endonuclease) Ligation of gene and vector (by DNA ligase)