EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Transcription Initiation. The first step in transcription is initiation, when the RNA pol binds to the DNA upstream (5′) of the gene at a specialized sequence called a promoter (Figure 2a).

Detailed explanation-2: -RNA polymerase binds to a sequence of DNA called the promoter, found near the beginning of a gene.

Detailed explanation-3: -RNA polymerase and the necessary transcription factors bind to the promoter sequence and initiate transcription. Promoter sequences define the direction of transcription and indicate which DNA strand will be transcribed; this strand is known as the sense strand.

Detailed explanation-4: -RNA polymerase is able to bind the-40 to-60 region of the ada and the aidB promoters in the absence of meAda, and its binding is mediated by the alpha subunit. This region resembles the UP element of the rrnB P1 promoter in location, sequence and mechanism of interaction with RNA polymerase.

Detailed explanation-5: -The stretch of DNA that is transcribed into an RNA molecule is called a transcription unit. A transcription unit that is translated into protein contains sequence that directs and regulates protein synthesis in addition to coding sequence that is translated into protein.