EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The lysogenic cycle: The phage infects a bacterium and inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome, allowing the phage DNA (now called a prophage) to be copied and passed on along with the cell’s own DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -Viral DNA that becomes embedded in a bacterial host cell’s DNA is called a prophage. Viral DNA that becomes embedded in an eukaryotic cell’s DNA is called a provirus. The prophage/provirus may remain part of the DNA of the host cell for many generations.

Detailed explanation-3: -A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to “phage") genome that is integrated into the circular bacterial chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid within the bacterial cell. Integration of prophages into the bacterial host is the characteristic step of the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages.

Detailed explanation-4: -Integrated phage genomes are termed prophages, and the bacteria containing them are termed lysogens. Prophages can convert back to a lytic replication cycle and kill their host, most often in response to changing environmental conditions [4].

Detailed explanation-5: -Prophage is a segment of Viral DNA incorporated into the host DNA. This DNA replicates along with the host DNA. This is a form of replication in virus where for a certain period of time the host cell is kept intact. This kind of reproduction in virus is called lysogenic type of reproduction.