EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Thermophiles. The thermophiles live in extremely hot environments. For example, they can grow in hot springs, geysers, and near volcanoes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Scientists isolated species of Pyrolobus (“fire lobe”) and Pyrodictium (“fire network”) Archaea also from chimney walls. These heat-loving microbes (which grow optimally at temperatures above 100°C) get their energy from hydrogen gas and produce hydrogen sulfide from sulfur compounds from the vents.

Detailed explanation-3: -Almost all hot springs and geysers host thermophilic bacteria.

Detailed explanation-4: -Today, hyperthermophilic (’superheat-loving’) bacteria and archaea are found within high-temperature environments, representing the upper temperature border of life. They grow optimally above 80°C and exhibit an upper temperature border of growth up to 113°C.

Detailed explanation-5: -The most abundant bacteria in hydrothermal vents are chemolithotrophs. These bacteria use reduced chemical species, most often sulfur, as sources of energy to reduce carbon dioxide to organic carbon.