EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Transduction is the process of transfer of genes from the recipient to the donor through bacteriophage. Transduction is of two types: Generalized Transduction.

Detailed explanation-2: -Horizontal gene transformation is a process which results in genetically different bacteria. It occurs through three distinct mechanisms which are : 1 Transformation which involves the uptake of foreign DNA through the cell membrane. 2 Transduction which is viral mediated transfer of DNA from one cell to another.

Detailed explanation-3: -Conjugation is the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. During conjugation, one bacterium serves as the donor of the genetic material, and the other serves as the recipient. The donor bacterium carries a DNA sequence called the fertility factor, or F-factor.

Detailed explanation-4: -Conjugation is a gene transfer process in which a recipient bacterium receives DNA from a donor bacterium by cell-to-cell contact through conjugative pili. Conjugation is mediated by certain plasmids or transposons.

Detailed explanation-5: -Transduction uses bacterial viruses, called bacteriophages, to transfer DNA from one infected cell to another. Transformation is the ability of some cells to take up freely floating DNA found in the environment. Conjugation allows for the transfer of DNA through a structure called a pilus from one cell to another.