EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -latency: The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell. bacteriophage: A virus that specifically infects bacteria. lytic cycle: The normal process of viral reproduction involving penetration of the cell membrane, nucleic acid synthesis, and lysis of the host cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Not all animal viruses undergo replication by the lytic cycle. There are viruses that are capable of remaining hidden or dormant inside the cell in a process called latency.

Detailed explanation-3: -The lysogenic cycle: The phage infects a bacterium and inserts its DNA into the bacterial chromosome, allowing the phage DNA (now called a prophage) to be copied and passed on along with the cell’s own DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -In lysogenic infection, viral DNA gets integrated with the host cell’s DNA, where it is copied along with the host cell’s DNA when the host cell replicates. Viral DNA multiplies as the host cell multiplies. Each new daughter cell created is infected with the virus’ DNA.