EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Malaria parasites are transmitted to human hosts by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. A diverse group of Anopheles (30 to 40 species) serves as vectors of human disease. Several physiological, behavioral, and ecological characteristics determine how effective various Anophelesspecies are as vectors of malaria.

Detailed explanation-2: -Malaria is caused by a single-cell parasite called Plasmodium. The parasite infects female mosquitoes when they feed on the blood of an infected person. Once in the mosquito’s midgut, the parasites multiply and migrate to the salivary glands, ready to infect a new person when the mosquito next bites.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mosquitoes of the Anopheles genus are the vectors of the Plasmodium species, the causative agents of malarial disease. More than 400 species of the Anopheles mosquito have been described and approximately 70 these species are potential vectors of malaria that affect humans (Sinka et al. 2012 ).