EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -James Hutton. Along with Charles Lyell, James Hutton developed the concept of uniformitarianism. He believed Earth’s landscapes like mountains and oceans formed over long period of time through gradual processes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lyell argued that the formation of Earth’s crust took place through countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time, all according to known natural laws. His “uniformitarian” proposal was that the forces molding the planet today have operated continuously throughout its history.

Detailed explanation-3: -Coined by William Whewell, it was originally proposed in contrast to catastrophism by British naturalists in the late 18th century, starting with the work of the geologist James Hutton in his many books including Theory of the Earth.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lyell was fundamental in establishing the popularity and credibility of geology as a science in the nineteenth century. He was the author of the book ‘Principles of Geology’, which was published in three volumes between 1830 and 1833 (and multiple revised editions thereafter).

Detailed explanation-5: -Uniformitarianism is a theory based on the work of James Hutton and made popular by Charles Lyell in the 19th century. This theory states that the forces and processes observable at earth’s surface are the same that have shaped earth’s landscape throughout natural history.