EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cladograms are constructed by using shared derived traits to distinguish different groups of species from one another. For example, lizards, rabbits and humans all descended from a common ancestor that had an amniotic egg; thus, lizards, rabbits, and humans all belong to the same clade.

Detailed explanation-3: -A cladogram is a diagram that shows relationships between species. These relationships are based on observable physical characteristics. Cladograms show the relationships in a graphic that looks like a tree, with branches connected to a common ancestry.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cladograms reconstruct evolutionary history by grouping organisms based on shared, morphological characteristics. Organisms are arranged in such a way that each clade shares common traits or characteristics not shared with other clades that are monophyletic because they are only composed of a specific type of organism.

Detailed explanation-5: -What is a cladogram? It is a diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups. It is based on PHYLOGENY, which is the study of evolutionary relationships. Sometimes a cladogram is called a phylogenetic tree (though technically, there are minor differences between the two).