EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The outer stratum corneum is heavily keratinized in scales. Two forms of keratin are produced in reptiles: -keratin, which is flexible, and -keratin, which provides strength and hardness and is unique to reptiles.

Detailed explanation-2: -Reptiles have a tough, dry, scaly skin that protects them from predators and allows them to live in dry places by reducing water loss. Reptilian scales are made of keratin, like hair, and found in an overlapping arrangement. This creates a sort of environmental shield for the animal.

Detailed explanation-3: -The scales, which are made of very tough keratin, protect reptiles from injury and prevent them from losing water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Reptilian scales The scales of all reptiles have an epidermal component (what one sees on the surface), but many reptiles, such as crocodilians and turtles, have osteoderms underlying the epidermal scale. Such scales are more properly termed scutes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Snake scales originate from the epidermis. The integument of the snake is covered with two primary scale types, both originating from the epidermis. Small scales cover the dorsum and lateral surfaces of the snake, whereas larger scales cover the ventrum.