EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -From the radial canals, water then enters the central spongocoel through pores called apopyles to exit through a single opening called an osculum.

Detailed explanation-2: -Simple vase-like sponges have a single large top opening, called the osculum through which water leaves the sponge. Most compound sponges have many oscula all over the body of the sponge. The oscula are surrounded by cells and are bigger than the ostia.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water enters through pores called ostia, flows through canals to a spacious chamber called a spongocoel, and finally exits through large openings called oscula. Often, sponges are distinguished by the level of complexity exhibited by their bodies.

Detailed explanation-4: -The osculum (plural “oscula") is an excretory structure in the living sponge, a large opening to the outside through which the current of water exits after passing through the spongocoel. Wastes diffuse into the water and the water is pumped through the osculum carrying away with it the sponge’s wastes.

Detailed explanation-5: -The osculum is a large opening that forms the excretory tract of the sponge. The size of the osculum opening is determined by contractile myocytes as the size regulates the volume of water expelled from the sponge.