GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -X-rays scattered by a set atoms produce X-ray radiation in all directions, leading to interferences due to the coherent phase differences between the interatomic vectors that describe the relative position of atoms.

Detailed explanation-2: -The X-rays get diffracted by a crystal because the wavelength of X-rays is similar to the inter-atomic spacing in the crystals.

Detailed explanation-3: -A purified sample at high concentration is crystallised and the crystals are exposed to an x ray beam. The resulting diffraction patterns can then be processed, initially to yield information about the crystal packing symmetry and the size of the repeating unit that forms the crystal.

Detailed explanation-4: -X-ray Diffraction and Bragg’s Law X-rays have wavelengths on the order of a few angstroms (1 Angstrom = 0.1 nm). This is the typical inter-atomic distance in crystalline solids, making X-rays the correct order of magnitude for diffraction of atoms of crystalline materials.

Detailed explanation-5: -What is X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is a rapid analytical technique primarily used for phase identification of a crystalline material and can provide information on unit cell dimensions. The analyzed material is finely ground, homogenized, and average bulk composition is determined.