GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In case of excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, nitrogen, phosphorus and other chemical nutrients get washed into nearby surface waters by rain or irrigation and lead to the eutrophication of rivers and lakes by supporting the production of algae.

Detailed explanation-2: -While negative impacts are serious, and can include pollution and degradation of soil, water, and air, agriculture can also positively impact the environment, for instance by trapping greenhouse gases within crops and soils, or mitigating flood risks through the adoption of certain farming practices.

Detailed explanation-3: -Impact on environment Pesticides can contaminate soil, water, turf, and other vegetation. In addition to killing insects or weeds, pesticides can be toxic to a host of other organisms including birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants.

Detailed explanation-4: -Agriculture, which accounts for 70 percent of water withdrawals worldwide, plays a major role in water pollution. Farms discharge large quantities of agrochemicals, organic matter, drug residues, sediments and saline drainage into water bodies.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fertilizers are made of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. When it rains, these nutrients are carried by storm-water into the nearest stream, river, or other water body. Too many nutrients in water can cause algae to grow, which uses up the oxygen in the water.