GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Calcium carbonate comes from the shells of small marine animals which are collectively called ‘foraminifera’, and also from the calcareous remains of marine algae, which are called ‘coccoliths’.

Detailed explanation-2: -The corals and shells become stuck together naturally as bits of the coral and shells are moved around by water and then settle to become sedimentary rock.

Detailed explanation-3: -Limestone. Limestone is one of the most widespread sedimentary rocks. Many organisms, from corals to microscopic foraminifera, grow shells composed of carbonates. Most limestone forms when these organisms die and their carbonate shells accumulate in shallow seas.

Detailed explanation-4: -Common sedimentary rocks include sandstone, limestone, and shale. These rocks often start as sediments carried in rivers and deposited in lakes and oceans. When buried, the sediments lose water and become cemented to form rock.