GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In a nutshell, scientific argumentation requires scientists to support their claims (either for or against a particular idea or explanation) with evidence that has been gathered through observation or experimentation and then to use logic and reason to justify why that evidence supports their claims.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most common evidence you will offer to support your claims will be quotations from the texts you read and references to passages in them. Without such evidence, your claims are merely statements of opinion. You are entitled to your opinions but you’re not entitled to having your readers agree with them.

Detailed explanation-3: -A claim is a suggested answer to a scientific question. Evidence is the information you use to build claims. In your research, the team will use many different types of evidence to build claims concerning the parts of the problem question, How do we ensure good nutrition for all?

Detailed explanation-4: -Reasoning is the justification linking the claims and supporting evidence. It demonstrates why the data you chose is appropriate as evidence. The reasoning often is the “conclusion” of the investigation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Anecdotal & Expert Opinions. Animal & Cell Studies (experimental) Case Reports & Case Series (observational) Case-Control Studies (observational) Cohort Studies (observational) Randomised Controlled Trials (experimental) Systematic Review.