GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Deposition is the laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice. Sediment can be transported as pebbles, sand and mud, or as salts dissolved in water. Salts may later be deposited by organic activity (e.g. as sea shells) or by evaporation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Sedimentary rocks are laid down in layers called beds or strata. A bed is defined as a layer of rock that has a uniform lithology and texture. Beds form by the deposition of layers of sediment on top of each other. The sequence of beds that characterizes sedimentary rocks is called bedding.

Detailed explanation-3: -LIthification of sediment into sedimentary rocks takes place after the sediment has been deposited and buried. The processes by which the sediment becomes lithified into a hard sedimentary rock is called diagenesis and includes all physical, chemical and biological processes that act on the sediment.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: Sedimentary rock layers are typically deposited underwater. Creeks, streams, and rivers carry the mud and sand downstream and will ‘dump’ the sediment as current slows in a bend or when the body of water flows into another body of water, such as a river into a lake.

Detailed explanation-5: -Deltas, river banks, and the bottom of waterfalls are common areas where sediment accumulates. Glaciers can freeze sediment and then deposit it elsewhere as the ice carves its way through the landscape or melts.