GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Common sedimentary rocks include sandstone, limestone, and shale. These rocks often start as sediments carried in rivers and deposited in lakes and oceans. When buried, the sediments lose water and become cemented to form rock.

Detailed explanation-2: -Limestone is composed mostly of calcite (calcium carbonate) and will dissolve in acidic water.

Detailed explanation-3: -A typical shale is composed of about 58% clay minerals, 28% quartz, 6% feldspar, 5% carbonate minerals, and 2% iron oxides. Most of the quartz is detrital (part of the original sediments that formed the shale) rather than authigenic (crystallized within the shale after deposition).

Detailed explanation-4: -Limestone forms in a deep marine environment from precipitation of calcium carbonate. Shale is made of fine clay particles, and therefore indicates deposition in relatively still water.