GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The first primates, ancestors of monkeys, apes, and humans, appeared by the mid-Paleocene Epoch. It is also during this epoch that South America became isolated from North America and Antarctica.

Detailed explanation-2: -The era that Homo sapiens first appeared was during the Cenozoic era, Quaternary period, near the end of the Pleistocene epoch of the present age or between 300, 000 and 200, 000 years ago. Homo sapiens are a very recently evolved species compared to the other inhabitants of this planet.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Neogene period gives rise to early primates, including early humans. Bovids, including cattle, sheep, goats, antelope and gazelle, flourish during this period. Cave lions, sabre-toothed cats, cave bears, giant deer, woolly rhinoceroses, and woolly mammoths were prevailing species of the Quaternary period.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Cenozoic Era is the most recent of the three major subdivisions of animal history. The other two are the Mesozoic and Paleozoic Eras. The Cenozoic spans only about 65 million years, from the end of the Cretaceous Period and the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs to the present.

Detailed explanation-5: -Several of the world’s great mountain ranges were built during the Cenozoic. The main Alpine orogeny, which produced the Alps and Carpathians in southern Europe and the Atlas Mountains in northwestern Africa, began roughly between 37 million and 24 million years ago.