GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The principle of superposition states that in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each layer of rock is older than the one above it and younger than the one below it (Figures 1 and 2). Accordingly, the oldest rocks in a sequence are at the bottom and the youngest rocks are at the top.

Detailed explanation-2: -The oldest layers are on the bottom, and the youngest layers are on the top. Because sediments sometimes include once-living organisms, sedimentary rock often contains a lot of fossils. Fossils are once-living organisms that have been turned into rock, in which the shape or form of the organism can still be seen.

Detailed explanation-3: -The bottom layer of rock forms first, which means it is oldest. Each layer above that is younger, and the top layer is youngest of all.

Detailed explanation-4: -The oldest rock layers are at the bottom because they were laid down first. The landscape changed across the eons, adding more layers on top of older ones. The youngest rock layers are on top of the rest.

Detailed explanation-5: -This is called relative dating. Relative dating tells scientists if a rock layer is “older” or “younger” than another. This would also mean that fossils found in the deepest layer of rocks in an area would represent the oldest forms of life in that particular rock formation.