GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sol. The correct answer is option ”c”. Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are two types of earthquakes: tectonic and volcanic earthquakes. Tectonic earthquakes are produced by sudden movement along faults and plate boundaries. Earthquakes induced by rising lava or magma beneath active volcanoes is called volcanic earthquakes.

Detailed explanation-3: -As time goes by, the movement of the plates causes the rocks around the fault to bend and stretch. That, in turn, causes the rocks to store energy, like compressed springs. Eventually, friction across the fault isn’t able to hold the rocks back, and a crack is created across the fault as it begins to slip.

Detailed explanation-4: -Faults are cracks in the earth’s crust along which there is movement. These can be massive (the boundaries between the tectonic plates themselves) or very small. If tension builds up along a fault and then is suddenly released, the result is an earthquake.

Detailed explanation-5: -While the movement of tectonic plates is usually slow-typically just a few centimeters per year-plate tectonics are linked to several kinds of natural disasters, namely earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis.